Development of a carboxymethyl chitosan functionalized nanoemulsion formulation for increasing aqueous solubility, stability and skin permeability of astaxanthin using low-energy method.
J Microencapsul
; 34(8): 707-721, 2017 Dec.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29141479
ABSTRACT
In this research, firstly astaxanthin (ASX)-loaded nanoemulsions (NEs) were produced using a convenient low-energy emulsion phase inversion method. The optimised ASX-NEs were prepared in the presence of Cremophor® EL and Labrafil® M 1944 CS, with a surfactant-to-oil ratio of 46. The ASX-NE droplets were spherical with a mean droplet diameter below 100 nm and a small negative surface charge. The system was stable without alteration of mean droplet diameter for three months. Then, the ASX-NE was functionalised with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) through direct CMCS (0.02%) incorporation during the preparation process. The ASX chemical stability and skin permeability increased in the following order ASX solution control < ASX-NE < CMCS-ASX-NE. Cell viability assays on L929 cells revealed low cytotoxicity of blank NE, ASX-NE and CMCS-ASX-NE in the range from 5 to 500 µg mL-1. In conclusion, the CMCS-ASX-NE might be a promising delivery vehicle in dermal and transdermal products.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Absorção Cutânea
/
Veículos Farmacêuticos
/
Quitosana
/
Antioxidantes
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2017
Tipo de documento:
Article