Higher sequence diversity in the vaginal tract than in blood at early HIV-1 infection.
PLoS Pathog
; 14(1): e1006754, 2018 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29346424
ABSTRACT
In the majority of cases, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is transmitted through sexual intercourse. A single founder virus in the blood of the newly infected donor emerges from a genetic bottleneck, while in rarer instances multiple viruses are responsible for systemic infection. We sought to characterize the sequence diversity at early infection, between two distinct anatomical sites; the female reproductive tract vs. systemic compartment. We recruited 72 women from Uganda and Zimbabwe within seven months of HIV-1 infection. Using next generation deep sequencing, we analyzed the total genetic diversity within the C2-V3-C3 envelope region of HIV-1 isolated from the female genital tract at early infection and compared this to the diversity of HIV-1 in plasma. We then compared intra-patient viral diversity in matched cervical and blood samples with three or seven months post infection. Genetic analysis of the C2-V3-C3 region of HIV-1 env revealed that early HIV-1 isolates within blood displayed a more homogeneous genotype (mean 1.67 clones, range 1-5 clones) than clones in the female genital tract (mean 5.7 clones, range 3-10 clones) (p<0.0001). The higher env diversity observed within the genital tract compared to plasma was independent of HIV-1 subtype (A, C and D). Our analysis of early mucosal infections in women revealed high HIV-1 diversity in the vaginal tract but few transmitted clones in the blood. These novel in vivo finding suggest a possible mucosal sieve effect, leading to the establishment of a homogenous systemic infection.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Vagina
/
Variação Genética
/
Viremia
/
Infecções por HIV
/
Colo do Útero
/
HIV-1
/
Soropositividade para HIV
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
/
Etiology_studies
/
Incidence_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Female
/
Humans
País como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2018
Tipo de documento:
Article