Development of a simvastatin loaded injectable porous scaffold in situ formed by phase inversion method for bone tissue regeneration.
Int J Artif Organs
; 42(2): 72-79, 2019 Feb.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30482084
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
The use of injectable scaffolds as a minimally invasive method is a good choice in tissue engineering applications. A critical parameter for the tissue engineering scaffolds is a suitable morphology with interconnected pores. We present the development of a simvastatin loaded scaffold that forms in situ and provides the porous structure with interconnected pores.METHODS:
The formulation of these scaffolds includes a polymeric solution of poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (25 wt%) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone containing 6 wt% deionized water and porogen (mannitol, four times the weight of the polymer). We have grafted simvastatin to poly lactic-co-glycolic acid by the esterification reactions. Simvastatin or simvastatin-grafted poly lactic-co-glycolic acid in different levels was added to polymer solution and finally the solution was injected into phosphate buffered saline. The simvastatin-grafted poly lactic-co-glycolic acid was characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infra-red and 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The morphology, porosity, and biocompatibility of the scaffolds were evaluated. The in vitro simvastatin release from the various formulations was studied. Osteogenic differentiation of the adipose-derived stem cells was investigated using alkaline phosphatase activity assay and cell mineralization was evaluated using Alizarin red staining.RESULTS:
The morphology results showed the resultant scaffold was porous with the interconnected pores. The scaffolds presented 91% porosity. Non-toxic doses of simvastatin in the scaffolds were determined by methyl-thiazolyl diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. The released simvastatin from the scaffolds continues over 80 days. Alkaline phosphatase activity and Alizarin red results indicated that cell osteogenic differentiation is promoted.CONCLUSION:
The results demonstrated that release of simvastatin from the injectable scaffolds can have positive effects on osteogenic differentiation of the adipose-derived stem cells.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Osteogênese
/
Regeneração Óssea
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Sinvastatina
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Alicerces Teciduais
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article