An electrochemical daunorubicin sensor based on the use of platinum nanoparticles loaded onto a nanocomposite prepared from nitrogen decorated reduced graphene oxide and single-walled carbon nanotubes.

ABSTRACT

A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with a nanocomposite prepared from nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) and single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and then loaded with platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) to obtain a voltammetric sensor for daunorubicin (DNR). Reductive doping of GO and the crystallization of the Pt NPs were carried out in a one-step hydrothermal process. The modified electrode was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. It exhibited high sensitivity compared with unmodified electrode. Some experimental parameters which affected sensor response were optimized. Under optimum conditions and at a working voltage of typically -0.56 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), the sensor has a low detection limit (3 ng mL-1), a wide linear range (0.01-6 µg mL-1) and good long-term stability. The method was successfully applied to the sensitive and rapid determination of DNR in spiked human serum samples. Graphical abstract Platinum nanoparticles were loaded onto a nanocomposite prepared from nitrogen decorated reduced graphene oxide and single-walled carbon nanotubes (N-rGO-SWCNTs-Pt) and then used for electrochemical determination of daunorubicin (DNR).