Preoperative Diaphragm Function Is Associated With Postoperative Pulmonary Complications After Cardiac Surgery.
Crit Care Med
; 47(12): e966-e974, 2019 12.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31609771
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
Postoperative pulmonary complications increase mortality, length, and cost of hospitalization. A better diaphragmatic strength may help face an increased work of breathing postoperatively. We, therefore, sought to determine if a low preoperative diaphragm thickening fraction (TFdi) determined by ultrasonography helped predict the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery independently of indicators of frailty, sarcopenia, and pulmonary function.DESIGN:
Prospective observational cohort study.SETTING:
Montreal Heart Institute, an academic cardiac surgery center in Canada. PATIENTS Adults undergoing nonemergency cardiac surgery.INTERVENTIONS:
We measured the preoperative thickness of the right and left hemidiaphragms at their zone of apposition at end-expiration (Tdi,ee) and peak-inspiration (Tdi,ei) with ultrasonography. Maximal thickening fraction of the diaphragm during inspiration (TFdi,max) was calculated using the following formula TFdi,max = (Tdi,ei-Tdi,ee)/Tdi,ee. We also evaluated other potential risk factors including demographic parameters, comorbidities, Clinical Frailty Scale, grip strength, 5-meter walk test, and pulmonary function tests. We repeated TFdi,max measurements within 24 hours of extubation. The primary composite outcome of this study was the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, clinically significant atelectasis, or prolonged mechanical ventilation (> 24 hr). MEASUREMENT AND MAINRESULTS:
Of the 115 patients included, 34 (29.6%) developed postoperative pulmonary complications, including two with pneumonia, four with prolonged mechanical ventilation, and 32 with clinically significant atelectasis. Those with postoperative pulmonary complications had prolonged ICU and hospital length of stays. They had a lower TFdi,max (37% [interquartile range, 31-45%] vs 44% [interquartile range, 33-58%]; p = 0.03). In multiple logistic regression, a TFdi,max less than 38.1% was associated with postoperative pulmonary complications (odds ratio, 4.9; 95% CI, 1.81-13.50; p = 0.002). All patients who developed pneumonia or prolonged mechanical ventilation had a TFdi,max less than 38.1%. Respiratory rate and diabetes were also independently associated with postoperative pulmonary complications, while pulmonary function tests and the assessed indicators of frailty and sarcopenia were not.CONCLUSIONS:
A low preoperative TFdi,max can help to identify patients at increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Pneumonia
/
Complicações Pós-Operatórias
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Atelectasia Pulmonar
/
Diafragma
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Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
/
Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article