Safety and tolerability of sustained exogenous ketosis using ketone monoester drinks for 28 days in healthy adults.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol
; 109: 104506, 2019 Dec.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31655093
ABSTRACT
Throughout history, the only way humans could raise their blood ketone levels was by several days of fasting or by following a strict low-carb, high-fat diet. A recently developed, dietary source of ketones, a ketone monoester, elevates d-ß-hydroxybutyrate (ßHB) to similar concentrations within minutes, with ßHB remaining raised for several hours. To date, the longest human safety study of the exogenous ketone ester was for 5 days, but longer consumption times may be desired. Here we report results for 24 healthy adults, aged 18-70 years, who drank 25â¯ml (26.8â¯g) of the ketone monoester, (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate, three times a day for 28 days (a total of 2.1â¯L). Anthropomorphic measurements, plus fasting blood and urine analyses were made weekly. It was found that elevating blood ßHB concentrations from 0.1 to 4.1 (±1.1) mM three times a day for 28 days had no effect on body weights or composition, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride or electrolyte concentrations, nor blood gases or kidney function, which were invariably normal. Mild nausea was reported following 6 of the 2,016 drinks consumed. We conclude that sustained exogenous ketosis using a ketone monoester is safe and well-tolerated by healthy adults.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doença Crônica
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Suplementos Nutricionais
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Ésteres
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Hidroxibutiratos
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Cetonas
Limite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Aged
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article