Shear Stress Regulation of Endothelial Glycocalyx Structure Is Determined by Glucobiosynthesis.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
; 40(2): 350-364, 2020 02.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31826652
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
Endothelial cells exposed to laminar shear stress express a thick glycocalyx on their surface that plays an important role in reducing vascular permeability and endothelial anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and antiangiogenic properties. Production and maintenance of this glycocalyx layer is dependent on cellular carbohydrate synthesis, but its regulation is still unknown. Approach andResults:
Here, we show that biosynthesis of the major structural component of the endothelial glycocalyx, hyaluronan, is regulated by shear. Both in vitro as well as in in vivo, hyaluronan expression on the endothelial surface is increased on laminar shear and reduced when exposed to oscillatory flow, which is regulated by KLF2 (Krüppel-like Factor 2). Using a CRISPR-CAS9 edited small tetracysteine tag to endogenous HAS2 (hyaluronan synthase 2), we demonstrated increased translocation of HAS2 to the endothelial cell membrane during laminar shear. Hyaluronan production by HAS2 was shown to be further driven by availability of the hyaluronan substrates UDP-glucosamine and UDP-glucuronic acid. KLF2 inhibits endothelial glycolysis and allows for glucose intermediates to shuttle into the hexosamine- and glucuronic acid biosynthesis pathways, as measured using nuclear magnetic resonance analysis in combination with 13C-labeled glucose.CONCLUSIONS:
These data demonstrate how endothelial glycocalyx function and functional adaptation to shear is coupled to KLF2-mediated regulation of endothelial glycolysis.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Estresse Mecânico
/
Endotélio Vascular
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Regulação da Expressão Gênica
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Glicocálix
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Fatores de Transcrição Kruppel-Like
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Hialuronan Sintases
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Glicólise
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article