Annona muricata assisted biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles regulates cell cycle arrest in NSCLC cell lines.

ABSTRACT

With plenteous accessible therapeutics, lung cancer endures a preeminent cause of the worldwide fatality. Apart from medical advancements, various plant parts are still used to treat cancer based on proven tradition. The present study focuses on analysing the anticancer efficacy of silver nanoparticles coupled with the aqueous leaf extract of Annona muricata. Nanoparticles play a momentous role in drug delivery due to their size and high surface to volume ratio and are with fewer side effect when phytofabricated. Annona muricata aqueous leaf extract mediated silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV visible spectrophotometer, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction and Zeta-sizer. Their antiproliferative potency was analysed by studying the mRNA and protein expressions of various apoptotic, anti-apoptotic and cell cycle regulatory genes. In addition, the cell cycle regulation was further confirmed using flow cytometry. The nanoparticles were found to be spherical shaped crystals with 80 ± 6.3 nm as average size and 6 µg/ml as inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) on A549 human lung cancer cell line. It was observed that the nanoparticles efficiently induced apoptotic protein expression with a simultaneous suppression of anti-apoptotic protein. The results demonstrate activation of an intertwined intrinsic apoptotic pathway via caspases and the death receptors. The observations infer that the nanoparticles show excellent anticancer efficacy than the crude extract of Annona muricata leaves. Hence these nanoparticles would be a promising adjuvant for treating non- small cell lung cancer.