Postnatal Ethanol Exposure Activates HDAC-Mediated Histone Deacetylation, Impairs Synaptic Plasticity Gene Expression and Behavior in Mice.
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol
; 23(5): 324-338, 2020 05 27.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32170298
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Alcohol consumption during pregnancy is widespread and contributes to pediatric neurological defects, including hippocampal and neocortex dysfunction, causing cognitive deficits termed fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. However, the critical mechanisms underlying these brain abnormalities remain poorly described.METHODS:
Using a postnatal ethanol exposure (PEE) animal model and pharmacological, epigenetic, synaptic plasticity-related and behavioral approaches, we discovered a novel persistent epigenetic mechanism of neurodegeneration in neonatal hippocampus and neocortex brain regions and of cognitive decline in adult animals.RESULTS:
PEE, which activates caspase-3 (CC3, a neurodegeneration marker), enhanced histone deacetylase (HDAC1-HDAC3) levels and reduced histone 3 (H3) and 4 (H4) acetylation (ac) in mature neurons. PEE repressed the expression of several synaptic plasticity genes, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor, C-Fos, early growth response 1 (Egr1), and activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc). Detailed studies on Egr1 and Arc expression revealed HDAC enrichment at their promoter regions. HDAC inhibition with trichostatin A (TSA) before PEE rescued H3ac/H4ac levels and prevented CC3 formation. Antagonism/null mutation of cannabinoid receptor type-1 (CB1R) before PEE to inhibit CC3 production prevented Egr1 and Arc loss via epigenetic events. TSA administration before PEE prevented postnatal ethanol-induced loss of Egr1 and Arc expression and neurobehavioral defects in adult mice via epigenetic remodeling. In adult mice, 3-day TSA administration attenuated PEE-induced behavioral defects.CONCLUSIONS:
These findings demonstrate that CB1R/HDAC-mediated epigenetic remodeling disrupts gene expression and is a critical step in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder-associated cognitive decline but is reversed by restoration of histone acetylation in the brain.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Comportamento Animal
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Encéfalo
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Histonas
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Etanol
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Histona Desacetilases
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Plasticidade Neuronal
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article