Clinical and Neuropsychological Predictors of Methylphenidate Response in Children and Adolescents with ADHD: A Naturalistic Follow-up Study in a Spanish Sample.
Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health
; 15: 160-171, 2019.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32174998
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Methylphenidate (MPH) is the most commonly used medication for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but to date, there are neither consistent nor sufficient findings on conditions differentiating responsiveness to MPH response in ADHD.OBJECTIVE:
To develop a predictive model of MPH response, using a longitudinal and naturalistic follow-up study, in a Spanish sample of children and adolescents with ADHD.METHODS:
We included all children and adolescents with ADHD treated with MPH in our outpatient Clinic (2005 to 2015), evaluated with the K-SADS interview. We collected ADHD-RS-IV.es and CGI-S scores at baseline and at follow up, and neuropsychological testing (WISC-IV, Continuous Performance Test (CPT-II) & Stroop). Clinical response was defined as >30% reduction from baseline of total ADHD-RS-IV.es score and CGI-S final score of 1 or 2 maintained for the previous 3 months.RESULTS:
We included 518 children and adolescents with ADHD, mean (SD) age of patients was 11.4 (3.3) years old; 79% male; 51.7% had no comorbidities; and 75.31% had clinical response to a mean MPH dose of 1.2 mg/kg/day. Lower ADHD-RS-IV.es scores, absence of comorbidities (oppositional-defiant symptoms, depressive symptoms and alcohol/cannabis use), fewer altered neuropsychological tests, higher total IQ and low commission errors in CPT-II, were significantly associated with a complete clinical response to methylphenidate treatment.CONCLUSION:
Oppositional-defiant symptoms, depressive symptoms, and a higher number of impaired neuropsychological tests are associated with worse clinical response to methylphenidate. Other stimulants or non-stimulants treatment may be considered when these clinical and neuropsychological variables converged in the first clinical interview.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article