Female Sex, a Major Risk Factor for Salt-Sensitive Hypertension.
Curr Hypertens Rep
; 22(12): 99, 2020 10 21.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33089375
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE OF REVIEW High dietary salt is a significant contributor to essential hypertension in clinical populations. However, although clinical studies indicate a higher prevalence of salt sensitivity in women over men, knowledge of salt-sensitive mechanisms is largely restricted to males, and female-specific mechanisms are presently being elucidated. RECENT FINDINGS:
Male-specific mechanisms of salt-sensitive hypertension are well published and predominantly appear to involve dysfunctional renal physiology. However, emerging novel evidence indicates that aldosterone production is sex-specifically heightened in salt-sensitive hypertensive women and female rodent models, which may be regulated by intra-adrenal renin-angiotensin system activation and sex hormone receptors. In addition, new evidence that young females endogenously express higher levels of endothelial mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) and that endothelial MR is a crucial mediator of endothelial dysfunction in females indicates that the aldosterone-endothelial MR activation pathway is a novel mediator of salt-sensitive hypertension. Heightened aldosterone levels and endothelial MR expression provide a 2-fold sex-specific mechanism that may underlie the pathology of salt-sensitive hypertension in women. This hypothesis indicates that MR antagonists may be a preferential treatment for premenopausal women diagnosed with salt-sensitive hypertension.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Cloreto de Sódio na Dieta
/
Hipertensão
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
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Etiology_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Female
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Humans
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Male
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article