Spatial and genetic clustering of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infections in a low-transmission area of Ethiopia.
Sci Rep
; 10(1): 19975, 2020 11 17.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33203956
ABSTRACT
The distribution of malaria infections is heterogeneous in space and time, especially in low transmission settings. Understanding this clustering may allow identification and targeting of pockets of transmission. In Adama district, Ethiopia, Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax malaria patients and controls were examined, together with household members and immediate neighbors. Rapid diagnostic test and quantitative PCR (qPCR) were used for the detection of infections that were genetically characterized by a panel of microsatellite loci for P. falciparum (26) and P. vivax (11), respectively. Individuals living in households of clinical P. falciparum patients were more likely to have qPCR detected P. falciparum infections (22.0%, 9/41) compared to individuals in control households (8.7%, 37/426; odds ratio, 2.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-6.4; P = .007). Genetically related P. falciparum, but not P. vivax infections showed strong clustering within households. Genotyping revealed a marked temporal cluster of P. falciparum infections, almost exclusively comprised of clinical cases. These findings uncover previously unappreciated transmission dynamics and support a rational approach to reactive case detection strategies for P. falciparum in Ethiopia.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Plasmodium falciparum
/
Plasmodium vivax
/
Malária Vivax
/
Malária Falciparum
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Humans
País como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article