Real-world outcomes for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma patients with lenalidomide-dexamethasone combinations in a Latin American country. A retrospective cohort study from grupo argentino de mieloma múltiple.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: We compared the efficacy of lenalidomide-dexamethasone (Rd) based treatments for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma patients (pts), in a real-world setting. In addition, we evaluated adverse events (AE), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). METHODS: In our retrospective, multicentric study, 156 pts with RRMM were included. 74/156 pts (47%) were refractory to bortezomib (V) and 43/156 (27%) pts to lenalidomide (R), with 24/156 (15%) of pts double refractory. Eighty-six pts (55%) received Rd with carfilzomib (KRd), 30 pts (19%) bortezomib (VRd), 30 pts (19%) daratumumab (DRd), and 10 pts (6%) ixazomib (IRd). RESULTS: The overall response (ORR) (≥ partial response) for the entire cohort was 71%, with a very good partial response rate or better (≥VGPR) of 35%. We found no significant differences in CR or ≥VGRP rates between treatments (p0.229). Regardless of the combination received, those patients who achieved CR had significantly improved PFS (p 0.007). The most frequent cause of treatment discontinuation was disease progression in 55/156 pts (35%). 8 pts (5%) discontinued treatment due to treatment-related adverse events (AE). CONCLUSION: This is the first report of Rd combinations for the treatment of RRMM in Latin America. All combinations proved to be effective with an acceptable toxicity.