Identity and relationship frames in medical leadership communication.

PURPOSE: A frame is an interpretive scheme of meanings that guide participants' interpretations of social interaction and their actions in social situations (Goffman, 1974). By identifying early-career physicians' identity and relationship frames, this study aims to produce information about socially constructed ways to interpret leadership communication in a medical context. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The data consist of essays written by young physicians (n = 225) during their specialization training and workplace learning period. The analysis was conducted applying constructive grounded theory. FINDINGS: Three identity and relationship frames were identified: the expertise frame, the collegial frame and the system frame. These frames arranged the meanings of being a physician in a leader-follower relationship differently. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The findings suggest that identity questions discussed recently in medical leadership studies can be partly answered with being aware of and understanding socially constructed and somewhat contradictory frames.