Immunomodulation by Inflammation during Liver and Gastrointestinal Tumorigenesis and Aging.
Int J Mol Sci
; 22(5)2021 Feb 24.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33668122
ABSTRACT
Chronic inflammation is thought to promote tumorigenesis and metastasis by several mechanisms, such as affecting tumor cells directly, establishing a tumor-supporting microenvironment, enhancing tumor angiogenesis, and suppressing antitumor immunity. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in our understanding of how inflammation induces the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, such as increasing the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and immunosuppressive molecules, inducing immune checkpoint molecules and cytotoxic T-cell exhaustion, and accumulating regulatory T (Treg) cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). The suppression of antitumor immunity by inflammation is especially examined in the liver and colorectal cancer. In addition, chronic inflammation is induced during aging and causes age-related diseases, including cancer, by affecting immunity. Therefore, we also discuss the age-related diseases regulated by inflammation, especially in the liver and colon.
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Texto completo:
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Envelhecimento
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Transformação Celular Neoplásica
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Imunomodulação
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Neoplasias Gastrointestinais
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Inflamação
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Neoplasias Hepáticas
Limite:
Animals
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article