Consistent evidence of indirect effects of impulsive delay discounting and negative urgency between childhood adversity and adult substance use in two samples.
Psychopharmacology (Berl)
; 238(7): 2011-2020, 2021 Jul.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33782722
ABSTRACT
RATIONALE Exposure to adverse life experiences (ACEs) is robustly associated with problematic alcohol and other drug use. In addition, both ACEs and substance use have been independently associated with impulsivity. OBJECTIVE:
To examine whether impulsivity is implicated in the link between ACE and adult substance use in two samples.METHODS:
The primary sample was a cohort of community adults (N = 1431) who completed a one-time in-person assessment. A second sample was crowdsourced using Amazon Mechanical Turk (N = 3021). All participants were assessed for ACEs using the Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire and for current alcohol and other drug use. Given its multidimensional nature, impulsivity was assessed using the UPPS-P measure of impulsive personality traits, Go/NoGo (GNG) task (in-person community adult sample only), and delay discounting (Monetary Choice Questionnaire [MCQ] in the community adults and Effective Delay-50 [ED50] in the crowdsourced sample. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the hypothesized indirect effects for the measures of impulsivity between ACEs and substance use.RESULTS:
In the community adults, significant indirect effects were observed from ACEs to substance use via UPPS-Negative Urgency (ß = 0.07, SE = 0.02, 95% CI [0.04, 0.10]), and the MCQ (ß = 0.02 SE = .01, 95% CI [0.01, 0.03]). In the crowdsourced sample, significant indirect effects were observed from ACEs to substance use via UPPS-Negative Urgency (ß = 0.05, SE = .01, 95% CI [0.04, 0.07]), UPPS-Premeditation (ß = 0.04, SE = .01, 95% CI [0.02, 0.05), and the ED50 (ß = 0.02, SE = .01; 95% CI [0.01, 0.03]).CONCLUSION:
These findings provide consistent evidence that decrements in regulation of negative emotions and overvaluation of immediate rewards indirectly link ACE and substance use. These robust cross-sectional findings support the need for elucidating the underlying neural substrates implicated and for longitudinal evaluations.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias
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Vida Independente
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Crowdsourcing
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Desvalorização pelo Atraso
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Experiências Adversas da Infância
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Comportamento Impulsivo
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
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Etiology_studies
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Incidence_studies
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Observational_studies
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Prevalence_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Qualitative_research
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article