Is Obesity a Potential Risk factor for Poor Prognosis of COVID-19?
Infect Chemother
; 53(2): 319-331, 2021 Jun.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34216125
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to cause major mortality and morbidity worldwide even after a year of its emergence. In its early days, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases were noted as poor prognostic factors, while obesity gained attention at a later stage. In the present study, unfavorable clinical outcomes (transfer to the intensive care unit, invasive mechanical ventilation, and mortality) were investigated in obese patients with COVID-19. MATERIALS ANDMETHODS:
In this retrospective study we analyzed patients with positive polymerase chain reaction test in tertiary care hospital between March-May 2020. They were divided into 3 groups according to body mass index (BMI) as normal, overweight, and obese (BMI 18.5 - 24.99 kg/m², 25 - 29.99 kg/m², and ≥ 30 kg/m², respectively). We compared clinical features and laboratory findings of these groups and recorded adverse clinical outcomes. Multivariate logistic analysis was performed for unfavorable outcomes.RESULTS:
There were 99 patients (35%), 116 (41%), and 69 patients (24%) in the normal-weight, overweight, and obese group, respectively. Among all patients, 52 (18%) patients were transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU), 30 (11%) patients received invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and 22 patients (8%) died. Obese patients had minimum 1 more comorbidity than normal BMI patients (73% vs. 50%, P = 0.002), and a longer median (interquartile range [IQR]) duration of hospitalization (8 [5 - 12] vs. 6 [5 - 9]) days, P = 0.006). Obese participants had higher concentrations of serum C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, ferritin than non-obese patients (P <0.05 in all). In a multivariate analysis, obesity was associated with ICU admission (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26 - 7.04, P = 0.012). Moreover, IMV requirement was associated with obesity (aOR 8.73, 95% CI 2.44 - 31.20, P = 0.001). Mortality occurred in 16%, 9%, and 1% of the obese group, overweight group, and normal-weight group, respectively (Chi-square trend analysis, P = 0.002).CONCLUSION:
Obesity is a risk factor for adverse outcomes and caused increased mortality, hence requiring close follow-up.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article