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Drought and High Temperature Stress in Sorghum: Physiological, Genetic, and Molecular Insights and Breeding Approaches.
Prasad, V B Rajendra; Govindaraj, Mahalingam; Djanaguiraman, Maduraimuthu; Djalovic, Ivica; Shailani, Anjali; Rawat, Nishtha; Singla-Pareek, Sneh Lata; Pareek, Ashwani; Prasad, P V Vara.
Afiliação
  • Prasad VBR; Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madras 641 003, India.
  • Govindaraj M; International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502 324, India.
  • Djanaguiraman M; Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madras 641 003, India.
  • Djalovic I; Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Maxim Gorki 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
  • Shailani A; Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110 067, India.
  • Rawat N; Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110 067, India.
  • Singla-Pareek SL; Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110 067, India.
  • Pareek A; Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110 067, India.
  • Prasad PVV; National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali 140 306, India.
Int J Mol Sci ; 22(18)2021 Sep 11.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34575989
ABSTRACT
Sorghum is one of the staple crops for millions of people in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and South Asia (SA). The future climate in these sorghum production regions is likely to have unexpected short or long episodes of drought and/or high temperature (HT), which can cause significant yield losses. Therefore, to achieve food and nutritional security, drought and HT stress tolerance ability in sorghum must be genetically improved. Drought tolerance mechanism, stay green, and grain yield under stress has been widely studied. However, novel traits associated with drought (restricted transpiration and root architecture) need to be explored and utilized in breeding. In sorghum, knowledge on the traits associated with HT tolerance is limited. Heat shock transcription factors, dehydrins, and genes associated with hormones such as auxin, ethylene, and abscisic acid and compatible solutes are involved in drought stress modulation. In contrast, our understanding of HT tolerance at the omic level is limited and needs attention. Breeding programs have exploited limited traits with narrow genetic and genomic resources to develop drought or heat tolerant lines. Reproductive stages of sorghum are relatively more sensitive to stress compared to vegetative stages. Therefore, breeding should incorporate appropriate pre-flowering and post-flowering tolerance in a broad genetic base population and in heterotic hybrid breeding pipelines. Currently, more than 240 QTLs are reported for drought tolerance-associated traits in sorghum prospecting discovery of trait markers. Identifying traits and better understanding of physiological and genetic mechanisms and quantification of genetic variability for these traits may enhance HT tolerance. Drought and HT tolerance can be improved by better understanding mechanisms associated with tolerance and screening large germplasm collections to identify tolerant lines and incorporation of those traits into elite breeding lines. Systems approaches help in identifying the best donors of tolerance to be incorporated in the SSA and SA sorghum breeding programs. Integrated breeding with use of high-throughput precision phenomics and genomics can deliver a range of drought and HT tolerant genotypes that can improve yield and resilience of sorghum under drought and HT stresses.
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Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Resposta ao Choque Térmico / Característica Quantitativa Herdável / Sorghum / Resistência à Doença / Melhoramento Vegetal Tipo de estudo: Prognostic_studies Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Resposta ao Choque Térmico / Característica Quantitativa Herdável / Sorghum / Resistência à Doença / Melhoramento Vegetal Tipo de estudo: Prognostic_studies Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article