[The Road to Discovery of the Pulmonary Gas Exchange - From the "Phlogiston-" to the "Oxygen Theory"]. / Der Weg zur Entdeckung des pulmonalen Gasaustausches.
Pneumologie
; 76(4): 275-280, 2022 Apr.
Article
em De
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34710936
ABSTRACT
The discovery of oxygen and pulmonary gas exchange was a major advancement in our understanding of breathing. For centuries it was believed that the lungs were primarily necessary to cool the heart or to "refine" the blood. Richard Lower (1631-1691) observed that the blood had a different colour before and after passage through the lung. His assumption was that breathing must have been added a special substance to the blood. Georg Ernst Stahl (1660-1734) formulated a fire substance "phlogiston" (phloxâ=âflame) with his phlogiston theory. He postulated that phlogiston is contained in all combustible substances and escapes when burned. John Mayow (1641-1679) recognised that about one fifth of the breathing gas is important for the breathing process. He called the gas "spiritus nitro aerius". Oxygen was first discovered in the early 1770âs by the Swedish-German pharmacist Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1742-1786) and the English chemist Joseph Priestley (1733-1804) - independently of each other. Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier (1743-1794) recognised oxygen as element and for the first time described the oxidation process accurately.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Oxigênio
/
Troca Gasosa Pulmonar
Limite:
Humans
País como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
De
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article