Disorders of hyperpigmentation. Part I. Pathogenesis and clinical features of common pigmentary disorders.
J Am Acad Dermatol
; 88(2): 271-288, 2023 02.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35151757
ABSTRACT
Disorders of hyperpigmentation are common and, depending on the extent and location of involvement, can affect the quality of life and pose a significant psychologic burden for patients. Given the similarities in presentation of the various causes of hyperpigmentation, it is often difficult to elucidate the etiology of these conditions, which is important to guide management. Furthermore, certain disorders, such as lichen planus pigmentosus and ashy dermatosis, have similar clinical and/or histologic presentations, and their classification as distinct entities has been debated upon, leading to additional confusion. In this review, the authors selected commonly encountered disorders of hyperpigmentation of the skin, subdivided into epidermal, dermal, or mixed epidermal-dermal disorders based on the location of pigment deposition, along with disorders of hyperpigmentation of the mucosa and nails. Melanocytic nevi, genetic disorders, and systemic causes of hyperpigmentation were largely excluded and considered to be outside the scope of this review. We discussed the pathogenesis of hyperpigmentation as well as the clinical and histologic features of these conditions, along with challenges encountered in their diagnosis and classification. The second article in this 2-part continuing medical education series focuses on the medical and procedural treatments of hyperpigmentation.
Palavras-chave
acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation; ashy dermatosis; café-au-lait macules; dermal melanocytosis; drug-induced hyperpigmentation; ephelis; erythema dyschromicum perstans; exogenous ochronosis; hydroquinone; hydroxychloroquine; hyperpigmentation; idiopathic eruptive macular pigmentation; lentigo; lichen planus pigmentosus; melasma; minocycline; pigmentary demarcation lines; pigmentary disorders; pigmented contact dermatitis; postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Neoplasias Cutâneas
/
Hiperpigmentação
/
Líquen Plano
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article