Metformin disrupts insulin secretion, causes proapoptotic and oxidative effects in rat pancreatic beta-cells in vitro.
J Biochem Mol Toxicol
; 36(5): e23007, 2022 May.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35199402
ABSTRACT
Metformin is the first-line drug to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Its mechanism of action is still debatable, and recent studies report that metformin attenuates oxidative stress. This study evaluated the in vitro antioxidant effects of a broad range of metformin concentrations on insulin-producing cells. The cell cycle, metabolism, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and cell death were evaluated to determine the biguanide effects on beta-cell function and survival. Antioxidant potential was based on reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidative stress biomarker levels, and antioxidant enzyme and transcriptional factor Nrf2 activities. The results demonstrate that metformin disrupted GSIS in a concentration-dependent manner, lowered insulin content, and attenuated beta-cell metabolism. At high concentrations, metformin induced cell death and cell cycle arrest as well as increased ROS generation, consequently reducing GSH content. Although carbonylated protein content was elevated, indicating oxidative stress, the antioxidant enzyme and Nrf2 activities were not altered. In conclusion, our results show that metformin disrupts pancreatic beta-cell functionality but does not exert a putative antioxidant effect. It is important to note that the drug could potentially affect beta-cells, especially at high circulating levels.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
/
Células Secretoras de Insulina
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Metformina
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article