Longer-term soy nut consumption improves vascular function and cardiometabolic risk markers in older adults: Results of a randomized, controlled cross-over trial.
Clin Nutr
; 41(5): 1052-1058, 2022 05.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35395555
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Soy foods may contribute to the beneficial health effects of healthy plant-based diets on the risk to develop cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, their effects on vascular function have hardly been studied.OBJECTIVE:
To investigate longer-term effects of soy nut consumption on vascular function and cardiometabolic risk markers in healthy older men and women.DESIGN:
Twenty-three healthy participants (age 60-70 years; BMI 20-30 kg/m2) participated in a randomized, controlled, single-blinded cross-over trial with an intervention (67 g/day of soy nuts providing 25.5 g protein and 174 mg isoflavones) and control period (no nuts) of 16 weeks, separated by eight weeks wash-out. Adults followed the Dutch food-based dietary guidelines.RESULTS:
No serious adverse events were reported and the soy nut regime was well tolerated. Body weights remained stable during the whole study. A higher protein (3.1 energy percent [En%]) and a lower carbohydrate intake (2.0 En%) was observed during the intervention period. Total fat intake was comparable, but that of saturated (-1.3 En%), cis-monounsaturated (-1.5 En%) and cis-polyunsaturated fatty acids (+1.9 En%) differed. Serum isoflavone concentrations were higher after the intervention as compared with the control period (daidzein 127.8 ng/mL; 95% CI 74.3-181.3 ng/mL; p < 0.001 and genistein 454.2 ng/mL; 95% CI 266.6-641.8 ng/mL; p < 0.001). Brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation was 1.48 percent points (pp; 95% CI 0.08-2.89 pp; p = 0.040) higher following soy nut intake. The carotid artery reactivity response and arterial stiffness did not differ. Serum LDL-cholesterol was lower (0.17 mmol/L; 95% CI 0.02-0.32 mmol/L; p = 0.027), while HDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations were comparable. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was lower (3 mmHg; 95% CI 0-6 mmHg; p = 0.035).CONCLUSIONS:
Longer-term soy nut intake as part of a healthy diet improved endothelial function, LDL-cholesterol concentrations and MAP levels, suggesting mechanisms by which an increased soy food intake beneficially affects CVD risk in older adults. Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier no. NCT03627637.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doenças Cardiovasculares
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Nozes
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
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Etiology_studies
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Guideline
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article