One Full or Two Fractional Doses of Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine for Catch-up Vaccination in Older Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial in Bangladesh.
J Infect Dis
; 226(8): 1319-1326, 2022 10 17.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35575051
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The polio eradication endgame called for the removal of trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) and introduction of bivalent (types 1 and 3) OPV and inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV). However, supply shortages have delayed IPV administration to tens of millions of infants, and immunogenicity data are currently lacking to guide catch-up vaccination policies.METHODS:
We conducted an open-label randomized clinical trial assessing 2 interventions, full or fractional-dose IPV (fIPV, one-fifth of IPV), administered at age 9-13 months with a second dose given 2 months later. Serum was collected at days 0, 60, 67, and 90 to assess seroconversion, priming, and antibody titer. None received IPV or poliovirus type 2-containing vaccines before enrolment.RESULTS:
A single fIPV dose at age 9-13 months yielded 75% (95% confidence interval [CI], 6%-82%) seroconversion against type 2, whereas 2 fIPV doses resulted in 100% seroconversion compared with 94% (95% CI, 89%-97%) after a single full dose (P < .001). Two doses of IPV resulted in 100% seroconversion.CONCLUSIONS:
Our study confirmed increased IPV immunogenicity when administered at an older age, likely due to reduced interference from maternally derived antibodies. Either 1 full dose of IPV or 2 doses of fIPV could be used to vaccinate missed cohorts, 2 fIPV doses being antigen sparing and more immunogenic. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03890497.Palavras-chave
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Poliomielite
/
Poliovirus
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
Limite:
Aged
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Humans
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Infant
País como assunto:
Asia
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article