Biomarkers of Airway Immune Homeostasis Differ Significantly with Generation of E-Cigarettes.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med
; 206(10): 1248-1258, 2022 11 15.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35731626
ABSTRACT
Rationale Numerous studies have demonstrated that e-cigarettes can impact respiratory immune homeostasis; however, the extent of these effects remains an active area of investigation, and most previous studies were conducted with model systems or subjects exposed to third-generation e-cigarettes, such as vape pens and box mods. Objectives:
Given the rise in popularity of nicotine-salt-containing pods and disposable e-cigarettes (fourth generation), we set out to better understand the respiratory effects of these newer e-cigarettes and compare their effects to early-generation devices.Methods:
We collected induced sputum samples from a cohort of nonsmokers, smokers, third-generation e-cigarette users, and fourth-generation e-cigarette users (n = 20-30 per group) and evaluated the cellular and fluid-phase composition for markers of inflammation, host defense, and lung injury. Measurements and MainResults:
Fourth-generation e-cigarette users had significantly more bronchial epithelial cells in the sputum, suggestive of airway injury. Concentrations of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM1) were significantly lower in fourth-generation e-cigarette users in comparison with all other groups, and CRP (C-reactive protein), IFN-γ, MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), MMP-2 (matrix metalloproteinase 2), uteroglobin, and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) were significantly lower in fourth- versus third-generation e-cigarette users, suggestive of overall immune suppression in fourth-generation e-cigarette users. Predictive modeling also demonstrated clear separation between exposure groups, indicating that the overall mediator milieu is different between groups, particularly fourth-generation e-cigarette users.Conclusions:
Our results indicate disrupted immune homeostasis in fourth-generation e-cigarette users and demonstrate that the biological effects of fourth-generation e-cigarette use are unique compared with those associated with previous-generation e-cigarettes.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Produtos do Tabaco
/
Sistemas Eletrônicos de Liberação de Nicotina
/
Vaping
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article