Individuals With Weaker Antibody Responses After Booster Immunization Are Prone to Omicron Breakthrough Infections.
Front Immunol
; 13: 907343, 2022.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35812411
ABSTRACT
Background:
Despite the high level of protection against severe COVID-19 provided by the currently available vaccines some breakthrough infections occur. Until now, there is no information whether a potential risk of a breakthrough infection can be inferred from the level of antibodies after booster vaccination.Methods:
Levels of binding antibodies and neutralization capacity after the first, one and six month after the second, and one month after the third (booster) vaccination against COVID-19 were measured in serum samples from 1391 healthcare workers at the University Hospital Essen. Demographics, vaccination scheme, pre-infection antibody titers and neutralization capacity were compared between individuals with and without breakthrough infections.Results:
The risk of developing an Omicron breakthrough infection was independent of vaccination scheme, sex, body mass index, smoking status or pre-existing conditions. In participants with low pre-infection anti-spike antibodies (≤ 2641.0 BAU/ml) and weaker neutralization capacity (≤ 65.9%) against Omicron one month after the booster vaccination the risk for developing an Omicron infection was 10-fold increased (P = 0.001; 95% confidence interval, 2.36 - 47.55).Conclusion:
Routine testing of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and surrogate virus neutralization can quantify vaccine-induced humoral immune response and may help to identify subjects who are at risk for a breakthrough infection. The establishment of thresholds for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels identifying "non"-, "low" and "high"-responders may be used as an indication for re-vaccination.Palavras-chave
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
COVID-19
/
Formação de Anticorpos
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article