Learning Together: Co-Learning Among Faculty and Trainees in the Clinical Workplace.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Studies of workplace learning largely focus on how individuals (clinicians and trainees) learn in the clinical workplace. By focusing on individuals, these studies miss opportunities to explore the co-constructive nature of learning that may result in clinician-educators and trainees learning alongside each other (co-learning). The purpose of this study was to explore whether and how co-learning occurs in the workplace and what value co-learning holds. METHOD: Using a constructivist grounded theory approach, the authors interviewed 34 faculty clinician-educators from 10 specialties at one academic institution to explore whether and how co-learning occurred in their practice and how faculty perceived its value for faculty and for trainees. Interviews were conducted and recorded June to December 2019. Through iterative analysis, the authors refined a conceptual model of co-learning. RESULTS: In a 3-part model of co-learning derived from faculty interviews, faculty and trainees jointly identify learning opportunities during work-related activities and choose learning strategies for learning that lead to interpretation and construction of meaning; these activities produce learning outcomes, such as understanding or insight. The model also accounts for asymmetry in experience and position between faculty and trainees. All faculty participants valued co-learning and elucidated barriers and facilitators to using it in the workplace. How faculty managed asymmetries shaped the nature of the co-learning. When faculty worked to lessen asymmetry between teacher and trainee, co-learning was often collaborative. CONCLUSIONS: The model of co-learning makes explicit the concept of asymmetry in workplace learning and aids consideration of how related dynamics affect the nature of learning. Faculty must be intentional in managing asymmetries to fully leverage learning opportunities afforded by the workplace.