Bidirectional genome-wide CRISPR screens reveal host factors regulating SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV and seasonal HCoVs.
Nat Genet
; 54(8): 1090-1102, 2022 08.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35879413
ABSTRACT
CRISPR knockout (KO) screens have identified host factors regulating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replication. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of these screens, which showed a high level of cell-type specificity of the identified hits, highlighting the necessity of additional models to uncover the full landscape of host factors. Thus, we performed genome-wide KO and activation screens in Calu-3 lung cells and KO screens in Caco-2 colorectal cells, followed by secondary screens in four human cell lines. This revealed host-dependency factors, including AP1G1 adaptin and ATP8B1 flippase, as well as inhibitors, including mucins. Interestingly, some of the identified genes also modulate Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and seasonal human coronavirus (HCoV) (HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-229E) replication. Moreover, most genes had an impact on viral entry, with AP1G1 likely regulating TMPRSS2 activity at the plasma membrane. These results demonstrate the value of multiple cell models and perturbational modalities for understanding SARS-CoV-2 replication and provide a list of potential targets for therapeutic interventions.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Coronavírus da Síndrome Respiratória do Oriente Médio
/
COVID-19
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
/
Systematic_reviews
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article