Legacy and novel brominated flame retardants in air of Ny-Ålesund, Arctic from 2011 to 2019.
Environ Pollut
; 313: 120195, 2022 Nov 15.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36126770
ABSTRACT
Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) in the atmosphere of Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, were investigated. Passive air samples were collected for eight consecutive one-year periods from August 2011 to August 2019 at seven Arctic sampling sites. High-resolution gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC-HRMS) and gas chromatography coupled with election capture negative ionization mass spectrometry (GC-NCI-MS) were employed for PBDE and NBFR analysis, respectively. The median concentrations of Æ©11PBDEs and Æ©6NBFRs were 0.6 pg/m3 and 4.0 pg/m3, respectively. Hexabromobenzene and BDE-47 were the most abundant NBFR and PBDE congeners in the atmosphere, accounting for 31% and 24% of Æ©NBFR and Æ©PBDE concentrations, respectively. Æ©NBFR concentration was approximately six times higher than that of Æ©PBDEs in the same samples. Among NBFRs, the concentrations of 1,2,3,4,5-pentabromobenzene, 2,3,4,5,6-pentabromobenzene, and 2,3-dibromopropyl-2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether showed increasing temporal variations, with estimated doubling times of 3.0, 3.3, and 2.8 years, respectively. The concentrations of almost all PBDE congeners showed a decreasing variation, with halving times ranging from 2.1 to 9.5 years.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Éteres Difenil Halogenados
/
Retardadores de Chama
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article