Capicua suppresses YAP1 to limit tumorigenesis and maintain drug sensitivity in human cancer.

ABSTRACT

Inactivation of Capicua (CIC) or upregulation of yes-associated protein 1, YAP1, leads to broad RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK inhibitor resistance and tumor progression in multiple human cancers. Despite these shared malignant phenotypes, it remains unclear whether CIC and YAP1 are mechanistically linked. Here, we show that the ERK-regulated transcription factor CIC can directly repress YAP1 expression through non-consensus GGAAGGAA DNA-binding motifs in a proximal YAP1 regulatory element. Through binding at GGAA repeats, CIC regulates YAP1 transcriptional output in both normal and human cancer cells. Silencing YAP1 in CIC-deficient cells restores MAPK inhibitor sensitivity and suppresses tumor growth. Thus, we uncover a molecular link between the MAPK-ERK effector CIC and YAP1 in human cells and established YAP inhibition as a strategy to target CIC-deficient cancers.