Recent advances in improving intranasal allergen-specific immunotherapy; focus on delivery systems and adjuvants.
Int Immunopharmacol
; 113(Pt A): 109327, 2022 Dec.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36257257
ABSTRACT
Allergen-specific Immunotherapy (AIT) is the main therapeutic strategy to control and treat allergic disorders. Intranasal Immunotherapy (INIT) was introduced as a needle-free, noninvasive, and efficient approach among various routes of allergen administration. Since direct exposure of nasal mucosa to allergen extracts could induce local and systemic reactions, recent studies focus on establishing novel formulations using various delivery systems and adjuvants to improve INIT efficacy. This review categorizes and describes natural and synthetic micro/nanoparticles such as chitosan, PLGA, liposome, exosome, and nano-emulation droplets used as delivery systems or immunomodulatory and immune-regulatory agents. Also, multiple microbial agents, including probiotics, mycobacterial and viral components, TLR ligands, and biologic agents, i.e., antibody fragments, recombinant cytokines, vitamin A, and pulsed dendritic cells (DCs), are other platforms that are discussed. In addition, future perspectives and proposed strategies to help INIT were provided.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Dessensibilização Imunológica
/
Hipersensibilidade
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article