Seroprevalence, co-infection and risk of transmission of Hepatitis B and D virus among hospital attendees in two South-western states in Nigeria.
J Immunoassay Immunochem
; 44(2): 133-146, 2023 Mar 04.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36369932
ABSTRACT
Infection with both Hepatitis B (HBV) and D (HDV) virus causes more severe liver damage than HBV alone. Superinfections among chronic HBV infected cohorts often lead to HDV persistence with rapid progression to cirrhosis, necessitating continuous surveillance to determine their prevalence and relative contribution to liver pathology. A cross-sectional study among hospital outpatients in Ekiti and Osunstates was conducted using random sampling technique. Blood samples were collected from 410 participants and tested for HBV serological markers. All samples positive for HBsAg samples were tested for Hepatitis D virus antigen (HDAg), serum anti-HDV IgM, and serum anti-HDV IgG using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. The prevalence of HBV infection among the 410 samples was 12.4% (CI 9.5-15.9). Past HBV exposure was detected in 120 (29.2%), while 147(35.8%) were susceptible to HBV infection. Among the HBsAg positive individuals, 9.8% were hepatitis D antigen (HDAg) positive, while 3.9% and 1.9% were positive for IgG anti-HDV and IgM anti-HDV, respectively. Risk factors associated with HBV infections in this study were multiple sexual partners and sharing of sharp objects. Our investigation has verified the endemicity of HBV in Nigeria and revealed that HBV- HDV co-infection is highly prevalent in south-west Nigeria.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Hepatite D
/
Coinfecção
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Hepatite B
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Humans
País como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article