Mechanistic Insights into the Reactive Uptake of Chlorine Nitrate at the Air-Water Interface.
J Am Chem Soc
; 145(2): 944-952, 2023 01 18.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36595549
ABSTRACT
It is well-known that the aqueous-phase processing of chlorine nitrate (ClONO2) plays a crucial role in ozone depletion. However, many of the physical and chemical properties of ClONO2 at the air-water interface or in bulk water are unknown or not understood on a microscopic scale. Here, the solvation and hydrolysis of ClONO2 at the air-water interface and in bulk water at 300 K were investigated by classical and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations combined with free energy methods. Our results revealed that ClONO2 prefers to accumulate at the air-water interface rather than in the bulk phase. Specifically, halogen bonding interactions (ClONO2)Cl···O(H2O) were found to be the predominant interactions between ClONO2 and H2O. Moreover, metadynamics-biased AIMD simulations revealed that ClONO2 hydrolysis is catalyzed at the air-water interface with an activation barrier of only â¼0.2 kcal/mol; additionally, the difference in free energy between the product and reactant is only â¼0.1 kcal/mol. Surprisingly, the near-barrierless reaction and the comparable free energies of the reactant and product suggested that the ClONO2 hydrolysis at the air-water interface is reversible. When the temperature is lowered from 300 to 200 K, the activation barrier for the ClONO2 hydrolysis at the air-water interface is increased to â¼5.4 kcal/mol. These findings have important implications for the interpretation of experiments.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Água
/
Nitratos
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article