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Is There a Role for Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy for cT4bM0 Colon Cancer? A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of the National Cancer Database.
Kamel, Mohamed K; Shchatsko, Anastasiya; Keane, Charles A; Serpa, Eduardo; Al-Qudah, Ghaith; Rahouma, Mohamed; Nituica, Cristina; Blebea, John; Marar, Omar.
Afiliação
  • Kamel MK; Department of Surgery, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, Michigan.
  • Shchatsko A; Department of Surgery, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, Michigan.
  • Keane CA; Department of Surgery, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, Michigan.
  • Serpa E; Department of Surgery, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, Michigan.
  • Al-Qudah G; Department of Surgery, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, Michigan.
  • Rahouma M; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.
  • Nituica C; Department of Surgery, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, Michigan.
  • Blebea J; Department of Surgery, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, Michigan.
  • Marar O; Department of Surgery, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, Michigan.
Dis Colon Rectum ; 66(11): 1435-1448, 2023 11 01.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36876973
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Nonmetastatic T4b colon cancer has been traditionally treated with upfront surgery, often requiring technically challenging multiorgan resection. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy can potentially downsize these tumors and improve their resectability.

OBJECTIVE:

This study aimed to explore trends and outcomes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy use compared to upfront surgery in patients with nonmetastatic T4b colon cancer. This study also sought to determine factors associated with increased neoadjuvant chemotherapy use and with overall survival.

DESIGN:

Retrospective cohort study. SETTINGS Conducted using the National Cancer Database. PATIENTS Patients with nonmetastatic T4b colon cancer who underwent colectomy (2006-2016) were included in the study. Patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy were propensity-matched (12) to those who underwent upfront surgery in either clinically node-negative or node-positive disease. MAIN OUTCOME

MEASURES:

Postoperative outcomes (length of stay, 30-d readmission, 30/90-d mortality), oncologic resection adequacy (R0 rate, number of resected/positive nodes), and overall survival were the main outcome measures.

RESULTS:

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was used in 7.7% of the patients. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy use increased over the study period from 4% to 16% in the entire cohort, from 3% to 21% in patients with clinically node-positive disease, and from 6% to 12% in patients with clinically node-negative disease. Factors associated with increased use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy included younger age (OR 0.97; 95% CI, 0.96-0.98; p < 0.001), male sex (OR 1.35; 95% CI, 1.11-1.64; p = 0.002), recent diagnosis year (OR 1.16; 95% CI, 1.12-1.20; p < 0.001), academic centers (OR 2.65; 95% CI, 2.19-3.22; p < 0.001), clinically node-positive (OR 1.23; 95% CI, 1.01-1.49; p = 0.037), and tumor located in the sigmoid colon (OR 2.44; 95% CI, 1.97-3.02; p < 0.001). Patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy had significantly higher R0 resection compared with upfront surgery (87% vs 77%; p < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with higher overall survival (HR 0.76; 95% CI, 0.64-0.91; p = 0.002). On propensity-matched analyses, neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with a higher 5-year overall survival compared to upfront surgery in patients with clinically node-positive disease (57% vs 43%; p = 0.003) but not in patients with clinically node-negative disease (61% vs 56%; p = 0.090).

LIMITATIONS:

Retrospective design.

CONCLUSION:

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy use for nonmetastatic T4b has increased significantly on the national level, more so in patients with clinically node-positive disease. Patients with node-positive disease treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy had higher overall survival compared to those who underwent upfront surgery. See Video Abstract at http//links.lww.com/DCR/C228 . EXISTE LUGAR PARA LA TERAPIA SISTMICA NEOADYUVANTE PARA EL CNCER DE COLON CTBM UN ANLISIS EMPAREJADO DE PUNTAJE DE PROPENSIN DE LA BASE DE DATOS NACIONAL DEL CNCER ANTECEDENTESEl cáncer de colon T4b no metastásico se ha tratado tradicionalmente con cirugía inicial, que frecuentemente requiere de una resección multiorgánica técnicamente desafiante. La quimioterapia neoadyuvante puede potencialmente reducir el tamaño y mejorar la resecabilidad de esos tumores.

OBJETIVO:

Explorar las tendencias y los resultados del uso de quimioterapia neoadyuvante en pacientes con cáncer de colon T4b no metastásico, en comparación con la cirugía inicial. Determinar los factores asociados con el aumento del uso de quimioterapia neoadyuvante y con la supervivencia general.

DISEÑO:

Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo.AJUSTESUtilizando de la Base de Datos Nacional del Cáncer.PACIENTESPacientes con cáncer de colon T4b no metastásico sometidos a colectomía (2006-2016). Los pacientes que recibieron quimioterapia neoadyuvante fueron emparejados por propensión (12) con aquellos sometidos a cirugía inicial, ya sea en enfermedad clínica con ganglios negativos o ganglios positivos.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE

RESULTADO:

Resultados posoperatorios (duración de la hospitalización, reingreso a los 30 días, mortalidad a los 30/90 días), adecuación de la resección oncológica (tasa R0, número de ganglios resecados/positivos) y supervivencia general.

RESULTADOS:

La quimioterapia neoadyuvante se utilizó en el 7,7% de los pacientes. El uso de quimioterapia neoadyuvante aumentó durante el período de estudio del 4% al 16% en toda la cohorte; del 3% al 21% en pacientes con enfermedad clínica y ganglios positivos; y del 6% al 12% en pacientes con enfermedad clínica y ganglios negativos. Los factores asociados con un mayor uso de quimioterapia neoadyuvante incluyeron, edad más joven (OR 0,97, IC del 95 % 0,96-0,98, p < 0,001), sexo masculino (OR 1,35, IC del 95 % 1,11-1,64, p = 0,002), año de diagnóstico mas reciente (OR 1,16, 95% IC 1,12-1,20, p < 0,001), centros académicos (OR 2,65, 95% IC 2,19-3,22, p < 0,001), enfermedad clínica con ganglios positivos (OR 1,23, 95% IC 1,01-1,49, p = 0,037), y tumor localizado en colon sigmoide (OR 2,44, 95% IC 1,97-3,02, p < 0,001). Los pacientes que recibieron quimioterapia neoadyuvante tuvieron una resección R0 significativamente mayor en comparación con la cirugía inicial (87 % frente a 77 %, p < 0,001). En análisis multivariable, la quimioterapia neoadyuvante se asoció con una mayor supervivencia global (HR 0,76, IC del 95% 0,64-0,91, p = 0,002). En los análisis de propensión pareada, la quimioterapia neoadyuvante se asoció con una mayor supervivencia general a los 5 años en comparación con la cirugía inicial en pacientes con enfermedad clínica con ganglios positivos (57% frente a 43%, p = 0,003), pero no en pacientes con enfermedad clínica y ganglios negativos (61% vs 56%, p = 0,090).LIMITACIONESDiseño retrospectivo.

CONCLUSIÓN:

El uso de quimioterapia neoadyuvante para T4b no metastásico ha aumentado significativamente a nivel nacional, más aún en pacientes con enfermedad clínica y ganglios positivos. Los pacientes con enfermedad y ganglios positivos tratados con quimioterapia neoadyuvante tuvieron una mayor supervivencia general en comparación con la cirugía inicial. Consulte Video Resumen en http//links.lww.com/DCR/C228 . (Traducción-Dr. Fidel Ruiz Healy ).
Assuntos

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Neoplasias Retais / Neoplasias do Colo Tipo de estudo: Observational_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limite: Female / Humans / Male Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2023 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Neoplasias Retais / Neoplasias do Colo Tipo de estudo: Observational_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limite: Female / Humans / Male Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2023 Tipo de documento: Article