Age-related changes in left ventricular vortex and energy loss patterns: from newborns to adults.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
; 324(5): H624-H629, 2023 05 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36897746
ABSTRACT
Left ventricular vortex formation optimizes the effective transport of blood volume while minimizing energy loss (EL). Vector flow mapping (VFM)-derived EL patterns have not been described in children, especially in those less than 1 yr of age. A prospective cohort of 66 (0 days-22 yr, 14 patients ≤ 2 mo) cardiovascularly normal children was used to determine left ventricular (LV) vortex number, size (mm2), strength (m2/s), and energy loss (mW/m/m2) in systole and diastole and compared across age groups. One early diastolic (ED) vortex at the anterior mitral leaflet and one late diastolic (LD) vortex at the LV outflow tract (LVOT) were seen in all newborns ≤ 2 mo. At >2 mo, two ED vortices and one LD vortex were seen, with 95% of subjects > 2 yr demonstrating this vortex pattern. Peak and average diastolic EL acutely increased in the same 2 mo-2-yr period and then decreased within the adolescent and young adult age groups. Overall, these findings suggest that the growing heart undergoes a transition to adult vortex flow patterns over the first 2 yr of life with a corresponding acute increase in diastolic EL. These findings offer an initial insight into the dynamic changes of LV flow patterns in pediatric patients and can serve to expand our understanding of cardiac efficiency and physiology in children.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This research article demonstrates, for the first time, echocardiographic evidence of a transition in left ventricular vortex patterns from the newborn to the adult period, with an associated change in cardiac efficiency, marked by increased energy loss, during infancy.
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Texto completo:
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Ecocardiografia
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Ventrículos do Coração
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Child
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Humans
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Newborn
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article