Acute Effects of Ambient Air Pollution on Asthma Emergency Department Visits in Ten U.S. States.
Environ Health Perspect
; 131(4): 47003, 2023 04.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37011135
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Previous studies of short-term ambient air pollution exposure and asthma morbidity in the United States have been limited to a small number of cities and/or pollutants and with limited consideration of effects across ages.OBJECTIVES:
To estimate acute age group-specific effects of fine and coarse particulate matter (PM), major PM components, and gaseous pollutants on emergency department (ED) visits for asthma during 2005-2014 across the United States.METHODS:
We acquired ED visit and air quality data in regions surrounding 53 speciation sites in 10 states. We used quasi-Poisson log-linear time-series models with unconstrained distributed exposure lags to estimate site-specific acute effects of air pollution on asthma ED visits overall and by age group (1-4, 5-17, 18-49, 50-64, and 65+ y), controlling for meteorology, time trends, and influenza activity. We then used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate pooled associations from site-specific associations.RESULTS:
Our analysis included 3.19 million asthma ED visits. We observed positive associations for multiday cumulative exposure to all air pollutants examined [e.g., 8-d exposure to PM2.5 rate ratio of 1.016 with 95% credible interval (CI) of (1.008, 1.025) per 6.3-µg/m3 increase, PM10-2.5 1.014 (95% CI 1.007, 1.020) per 9.6-µg/m3 increase, organic carbon 1.016 (95% CI 1.009, 1.024) per 2.8-µg/m3 increase, and ozone 1.008 (95% CI 0.995, 1.022) per 0.02-ppm increase]. PM2.5 and ozone showed stronger effects at shorter lags, whereas associations of traffic-related pollutants (e.g., elemental carbon and oxides of nitrogen) were generally stronger at longer lags. Most pollutants had more pronounced effects on children (<18 y old) than adults; PM2.5 had strong effects on both children and the elderly (>64 y old); and ozone had stronger effects on adults than children.CONCLUSIONS:
We reported positive associations between short-term air pollution exposure and increased rates of asthma ED visits. We found that air pollution exposure posed a higher risk for children and older populations. https//doi.org/10.1289/EHP11661.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Ozônio
/
Asma
/
Poluentes Atmosféricos
/
Poluição do Ar
/
Poluentes Ambientais
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Adult
/
Aged
/
Child
/
Humans
País como assunto:
America do norte
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article