QTL mapping of maize (Zea mays L.) kernel traits under low-phosphorus stress.

ABSTRACT

Low-phosphorus stress significantly impacts the development of maize kernels. In this study, the phosphor efficient maize genotype 082 and phosphor deficient maize genotype Ye107, were used to construct an F23 population. QTL mapping was then employed to determine the genetic basis of differences in the maize kernel traits of the two parents in a low-phosphorus environment. This analysis revealed several major QTL that control environmental impacts on kernel length, width, thickness, and weight. These QTL were detected in all three environments and were distributed on five genome segments of chromosomes 3, 5, 6, and 9, and some new kernel-trait QTL were also detected (eg Qkwid6, Qkthi3, Qkwei9, and Qklen3-1). These environmentally insensitive QTL can be stably expressed in low phosphorus environments, indicating that they can lay a foundation for the breeding of high phosphorus utilization efficiency germplasm. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01300-0.