Increased prevalence of nodular thyroid disease in patients with Klinefelter syndrome.
Endocrine
; 81(3): 631-636, 2023 09.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37148417
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE:
Thyroid dysfunction in patients with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) remains an unresolved issue. Although low free thyroxine (FT4) levels within the normal range and normal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels have been reported, there is currently no data on nodular thyroid disease in this population. This study aims to evaluate the results of thyroid ultrasound (US) examinations in KS patients compared with healthy controls.METHODS:
A cohort of 122 KS and 85 age-matched healthy male controls underwent thyroid US screening and thyroid hormone analysis. According to US risk-stratification systems, nodules ≥1 cm were examined by fine needle aspiration (FNA).RESULTS:
Thyroid US detected nodular thyroid disease in 31% of KS compared to 13% of controls. No statistical differences in the maximum diameter of the largest nodules and in moderate and highly suspicious nodules were found between patients and the control group. Six KS patients and two controls with nodules underwent FNA and were confirmed as cytologically benign. In line with published data, FT4 levels were found significantly near the lower limit of the normal range compared to controls, with no differences in TSH values between the two groups. Hashimoto's thyroiditis was diagnosed in 9% of patients with KS.CONCLUSIONS:
We observed a significantly higher prevalence of nodular thyroid disease in KS compared to the control group. The increase in nodular thyroid disease is likely linked to low levels of FT4, inappropriate TSH secretion, and/or genetic instability.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doenças da Glândula Tireoide
/
Nódulo da Glândula Tireoide
/
Doença de Hashimoto
/
Síndrome de Klinefelter
Tipo de estudo:
Prevalence_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Humans
/
Male
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article