Increased Histological Tumor Pigmentation in Uveal Melanoma Is Related to Eye Color and Loss of Chromosome 3/BAP1.
Ophthalmol Sci
; 3(3): 100297, 2023 Sep.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37193315
ABSTRACT
Purpose:
Heavy pigmentation is known to be a prognostic risk factor in uveal melanoma (UM). We analyzed whether genetic tumor parameters were associated with tumor pigmentation and whether pigmentation should be included in prognostic tests.Design:
Retrospective comparison of clinical, histopathological, and genetic features and survival in UM with different pigmentation.Participants:
A total of 1058 patients with UM from a White European population with diverse eye colors enucleated between 1972 and 2021.Methods:
Cox regression and log-rank tests were used for survival analysis; the chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for correlation analysis. Main OutcomeMeasures:
Uveal melanoma-related survival based on tumor pigmentation and chromosome status, correlation of tumor pigmentation with prognostic factors.Results:
The 5-year UM-related mortality was 8% in patients with nonpigmented tumors (n = 54), 25% with lightly pigmented tumors (n = 489), 41% with moderately pigmented tumors (n = 333), and 33% with dark tumors (n = 178) (P < 0.001). The percentage of tumors with monosomy 3 (M3) or 8q gain increased with increasing pigmentation (31%, 46%, 62%, and 70% having M3 [P < 0.001], and 19%, 43%, 61%, and 63% having 8q gain [P < 0.001] in the 4 increasing pigment groups, respectively). BRCA-associated protein 1 (BAP1) loss (known for 204 cases) was associated with increased tumor pigmentation (P = 0.001). Cox regression analysis on survival showed that when chromosome status and pigmentation were both included, pigmentation was not an independent prognostic indicator. Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) expression was a significant prognostic marker in light tumors (P = 0.02) but not in dark tumors (P = 0.85).Conclusions:
Patients with moderately and heavily pigmented tumors showed a significantly higher UM-related mortality than patients with unpigmented and light tumors (P < 0.001), supporting prior reports on the relation between increased tumor pigmentation and a worse prognosis. Although we previously showed that a dark eye color was associated with tumor pigmentation, we now show that the tumor's genetic status (chromosome 3 and 8q/BAP1 status) is also related to tumor pigmentation. When pigmentation and chromosome 3 status are both included in a Cox regression analysis, pigmentation is not an independent prognostic factor. However, evidence from this and previous studies shows that chromosome changes and PRAME expression have a stronger association with survival when they occur in light tumors than in dark ones. Financial Disclosure(s) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.
Texto completo:
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article