Universality and Multiplication of Gigahertz-Operated Silicon Pumps with Parts Per Million-Level Uncertainty.
Nano Lett
; 24(1): 9-15, 2024 Jan 10.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38115185
ABSTRACT
The universality of physical phenomena is a pivotal concept underlying quantum standards. In this context, the realization of a quantum current standard using silicon single-electron pumps necessitates the verification of the equivalence across multiple devices. Herein, we experimentally investigate the universality of pumped currents from two different silicon single-electron devices which are placed inside the cryogen-free dilution refrigerator whose temperature (mixing chamber plate) was â¼150 mK under the operation of the pump devices. By direct comparison using an ultrastable current amplifier as a galvanometer, we confirm that two pumped currents are consistent with â¼1 ppm uncertainty. Furthermore, we realize quantum-current multiplication with a similar uncertainty by adding the currents of two different gigahertz (GHz)-operated silicon pumps, whose generated currents are confirmed to be identical. These results pave the way for realizing a quantum current standard in the nanoampere range and a quantum metrology triangle experiment using silicon pump devices.
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2024
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Article