Aerobic, resistance, or combined exercise training and cardiovascular risk profile in overweight or obese adults: the CardioRACE trial.
Eur Heart J
; 45(13): 1127-1142, 2024 Apr 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38233024
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIMS:
To determine the comparative efficacy of resistance, aerobic, and combined resistance plus aerobic exercise on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk profile.METHODS:
This randomized controlled trial enrolled 406 adults aged 35-70 years with overweight or obesity and elevated blood pressure. Participants were randomly assigned to resistance (n = 102), aerobic (n = 101), combined resistance plus aerobic exercise (n = 101), or no-exercise control (n = 102). All exercise participants were prescribed 1 h of time-matched supervised exercise (the combination group with 30â min of each resistance and aerobic exercise) three times per week for 1 year. The primary outcome was the change from baseline to 1 year in the standardized composite Z-score of four well-established CVD risk factors systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, fasting glucose, and per cent body fat.RESULTS:
Among 406 participants (53% women), 381 (94%) completed 1-year follow-up. Compared with the control group, the composite Z-score decreased at 1 year, which indicates improved CVD risk profile, in the aerobic {mean difference, -0.15 [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.27 to -0.04]; P = .01} and combination [mean difference, -0.16 (95% CI -0.27 to -0.04); P = .009] groups, but not in the resistance [mean difference, -0.02 (95% CI -0.14 to 0.09); P = .69] group. Both aerobic and combination groups had greater reductions in the composite Z-score compared with the resistance group (both P = .03), and there was no difference between the aerobic and combination groups (P = .96). Regarding the four individual CVD risk factors, only per cent body fat decreased in all three exercise groups at 1 year, but systolic blood pressure, LDL cholesterol, and fasting glucose did not decrease in any exercise groups, compared with the control group.CONCLUSIONS:
In adults with overweight or obesity, aerobic exercise alone or combined resistance plus aerobic exercise, but not resistance exercise alone, improved composite CVD risk profile compared with the control.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doenças Cardiovasculares
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Sobrepeso
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
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Etiology_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article