The Molecular Landscape of Thymic Epithelial Tumors: A Comprehensive Review.
Int J Mol Sci
; 25(3)2024 Jan 26.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38338833
ABSTRACT
Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are characterized by their extreme rarity and variable clinical presentation, with the inadequacy of the use of histological classification alone to distinguish biologically indolent from aggressive cases. The utilization of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) to unravel the intricate genetic landscape of TETs could offer us a comprehensive understanding that is crucial for precise diagnoses, prognoses, and potential therapeutic strategies. Despite the low tumor mutational burden of TETS, NGS allows for exploration of specific genetic signatures contributing to TET onset and progression. Thymomas exhibit a limited mutational load, with prevalent GTF2I and HRAS mutations. On the other hand, thymic carcinomas (TCs) exhibit an elevated mutational burden, marked by frequent mutations in TP53 and genes associated with epigenetic regulation. Moreover, signaling pathway analyses highlight dysregulation in crucial cellular functions and pathways. Targeted therapies, and ongoing clinical trials show promising results, addressing challenges rooted in the scarcity of actionable mutations and limited genomic understanding. International collaborations and data-sharing initiatives are crucial for breakthroughs in TETs research.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Timoma
/
Neoplasias do Timo
/
Neoplasias Epiteliais e Glandulares
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article