Influence of heating temperatures and storage on the odor of duck meat and identification of characteristic odorous smell compounds.

ABSTRACT

To clarify the characteristic odor of compounds present in duck meat, especially reheating after storage, the effect of duck breast cooked at three temperatures (90 °C, 100 °C, 105 °C) and reheating after 7 days of storage was studied. Electronic nose analysis and sensory evaluation revealed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in reheated duck meat odor after 7 days of storage. The 90 °C treatment group had the heaviest odor, which increased by 12.19 % after seven days of storage. Using headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS), 60 volatile flavor compounds were identified across various groups. Although the volatile compounds were consistent among different groups, their relative contents varied. By combining the sensory evaluation results with the Relative Odor Activity Value (ROAV) of these flavor compounds, chemometric orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was used to identify the following 9 characteristic volatile compounds 2-methylbutanal, pentanal, octanal, heptanal, hexanal, (E)-2-octenal, (E)-2-nonenal, and 2-pentyl furan.