The m6A modification-mediated positive feedback between glycolytic lncRNA SLC2A1-DT and c-Myc promotes tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

ABSTRACT

Glycolysis exerts a key role in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer. Specific long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified to exhibit oncogenic glycolysis regulation. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms by which glycolysis-related lncRNAs control hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still unknown. We profiled and analyzed glycolysis-associated lncRNA signatures using HCC specimens from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Considerable upregulation of the glycolysis-related lncRNA SLC2A1-DT was noted in HCC tissues; this upregulation was strongly linked with advanced tumor stage and poor prognosis. Cell culture and animal-related studies indicated that knockdown or overexpression of SLC2A1-DT obviously restrained or promoted glycolysis, propagation, and metastasis in HCC cells. Mechanistically, SLC2A1-DT enhanced the interaction of protein between ß-catenin and YWHAZ, suppressing the binding between ß-catenin and ß-TrCP, an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Thereby, SLC2A1-DT impeded the ß-TrCP-dependent ubiquitination and ß-catenin degradation. The upregulated ß-catenin activated the transcription of c-Myc, which then increased the transcription of glycolytic genes including SLC2A1, LDHA, and HK2. Additionally, we revealed that c-Myc transcriptionally induced the expression of methyltransferase 3 (METTL3), which increased N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification and stability of SLC2A1-DT in a YTHDF1 dependent manner. Collectively, we show that the lncRNA SLC2A1-DT promotes glycolysis and HCC tumorigenesis by a m6A modification-mediated positive feedback mechanism with glycolytic regulator c-Myc and suggested as an innovative treatment option and indicator for HCC.