Hyposmia correlates with axial signs and gait disorder in Parkinson's disease: an Italian Olfactory Identification Test study.
Neurol Sci
; 45(8): 3791-3798, 2024 Aug.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38499888
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Olfactory dysfunction is a non-motor symptom and an important biomarker of Parkinson's disease (PD) because of its high prevalence (> 90%). Whether hyposmia correlates with motor symptoms is unclear. In the present study, we aim to investigate the relationship between olfactory impairment with both motor and non-motor features and disease variables (disease duration, stage, and severity).METHODS:
One-hundred fifty-four PD patients were evaluated. Odor identification ability was tested using Italian Olfactory Identification Test (IOIT). A comprehensive spectrum of motor and non-motor features was assessed. Cognitive function was investigated through MMSE. Patients were divided into 3 different clinical phenotypes using UPDRS-III tremor-dominant type (TDT), akinetic-rigid type (ART), and mixed type (MXT).RESULTS:
Three of the 33 IOIT items were most frequently misidentified basil (74.3%), coffee (66.9%), and mushroom (59.6%). Hyposmia was found in 93%. Hyposmic patients were older than controls (p = 0.01). Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) score of 2 or greater was associated with higher probability of being hyposmic (OR = 5.2, p = 0.01). IOIT score did not significantly differ between TDT, ART, and MXT of analyzed PD patients. Performance to IOIT inversely correlated with age (p < 0.01), disease duration (p = 0.01), and H&Y score of 2 or higher (p < 0.01). Clinical features that associated with higher IOIT score were freezing of gait (FOG) (p < 0.001) and camptocormia (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS:
In our cohort, IOIT scores showed a positive correlation with axial motor signs, but not with non-motor symptoms. IOIT may be a useful tool not only for supporting PD diagnosis but also for providing prognostic information about motor function.Palavras-chave
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doença de Parkinson
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Transtornos Neurológicos da Marcha
Limite:
Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
País como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article