Dermoscopy of hypopigmented macules unveiling genetic diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis complex type 2 in an infant presenting with sacral chordoma.

ABSTRACT

A 2-month-old male with surgically resected sacral chordoma presented with multiple hypopigmented macules showing characteristic patchy, sharply demarcated areas of pigment network on dermoscopy. These dermoscopic findings were suggestive of the ash-leaf macules of tuberous sclerosis over other common hypopigmented macules in neonates. Chordomas presenting in early childhood in the sacral location have been reported as a rare manifestation of tuberous sclerosis complex. The combination of these findings led to a diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis, confirmed with the finding of a heterozygous TSC2 gene deletion; treatment with sirolimus resulted in regression of cardiac rhabdomyomas and hypopigmented macules.