Dysphagia after stroke: research advances in treatment interventions.
Lancet Neurol
; 23(4): 418-428, 2024 Apr.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38508837
ABSTRACT
After a stroke, most patients have dysphagia, which can lead to aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, and adverse functional outcomes. Protective interventions aimed at reducing these complications remain the cornerstone of treatment. Dietary adjustments and oral hygiene help mitigate the risk of aspiration pneumonia, and nutritional supplementation, including tube feeding, might be needed to prevent malnutrition. Rehabilitative interventions aim to enhance swallowing function, with different behavioural strategies showing promise in small studies. Investigations have explored the use of pharmaceutical agents such as capsaicin and other Transient-Receptor-Potential-Vanilloid-1 (TRPV-1) sensory receptor agonists, which alter sensory perception in the pharynx. Neurostimulation techniques, such as transcranial direct current stimulation, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, and pharyngeal electrical stimulation, might promote neuroplasticity within the sensorimotor swallowing network. Further advancements in the understanding of central and peripheral sensorimotor mechanisms in patients with dysphagia after a stroke, and during their recovery, will contribute to optimising treatment protocols.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Pneumonia Aspirativa
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Transtornos de Deglutição
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Acidente Vascular Cerebral
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Desnutrição
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Estimulação Transcraniana por Corrente Contínua
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Reabilitação do Acidente Vascular Cerebral
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article