Expression and Potential Significance of miR-499 and IL-1ß in Serum of Dilated Cardiomyopathy Patients with Atrial Fibrillation.

ABSTRACT

Context Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the terminal manifestation of many heart diseases, and atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of arrhythmia in DCM. The mutual influence of DCM and AF can ultimately lead to a poor prognosis for patients. Objective: The study intended to investigate the risk factors for DCM complicated with AF as well as the expression and clinical value of miR-499 and IL-1ß, to provide more research targets for controlling the risk of AF in clinical practice. Design: The research team conducted a retrospective, observational, case-control study. Setting: The study took place at Huai'an First People's Hospital. Participants: Participants were 79 patients with DCM who had been admitted to the hospital between January 2018 and January 2023. Groups The study included two groups (1) 31 participants with atrial fibrillation (AF), the AF group and (2) 48 participants without AF, the non-AF group. Outcome Measures: The research team (1) examined the baseline characteristics of the two groups and compared the groups using single factor analysis; (2) compared the group's serum indicators and echocardiographic parameters; (3) evaluated the expression and potential relationship of microRNA (miR-499) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß) to AF, using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Pearson, and compared the group's expressions of miR-499 and IL-1ß; and (4) analyzed the potential relationship between participants' characteristics and the occurrence of AF, using binary logistic regression. Results: Compared to the non-AF group, the AF group's (1) age (P = .000) and number of participants with a high pulmonary artery pressure (P = .004) were significantly greater; (2) LVEF was significantly lower (P = .030) and LVESD (P = .000), LAD (P = .018), uric acid (P = .000), and BNP (P = .000) were significantly higher; and (3) serum miR-499 (P = .020) and IL-1ß (P = .000) were significantly higher. Also, a significant positive correlation existed between miR-499 (P = .019) and IL-1ß (P = .022) and DCM with AF. In addition, the AF group's age (P = .001), disease duration (P = .032), serum triglyceride levels (P = .036), uric acid value (P = .001), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), left atrial anteroposterior diameter, LAD, pulmonary hypertension were significant independent risk factors DCM with AF. Conclusions: A close relationship exists between the abnormal expression of serum miR-499 and IL-1ß and DCM complicated with AF, which will be of great importance in future research. In addition, the data of patients with DCM are related to the occurrence and development of AF, and clinicians should actively perform early drug interventions to reduce myocardial remodeling, so as to reduce the incidence of AF.