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A case of severe benzalkonium chloride intoxication in a cat.
Rubini, Silva; Rubini, Roberto; Bertocchi, Silvia; Zordan, Silvia; Magri, Alice; Barsi, Filippo; Sampieri, Maria; Locatelli, Carlo Alessandro; Baldini, Erika; Manfredini, Stefano; Vertuani, Silvia.
Afiliação
  • Rubini S; Zooprophylactic Institute of Lombardy and Emilia Romagna, Ferrara Territorial Office, Via Modena 483, 44124, Ferrara, Italy.
  • Rubini R; Europa Veterinary Clinic, Via Arginone 381/C, 44124, Ferrara, Italy.
  • Bertocchi S; Europa Veterinary Clinic, Via Arginone 381/C, 44124, Ferrara, Italy.
  • Zordan S; Europa Veterinary Clinic, Via Arginone 381/C, 44124, Ferrara, Italy.
  • Magri A; Zooprophylactic Institute of Lombardy and Emilia Romagna, Ferrara Territorial Office, Via Modena 483, 44124, Ferrara, Italy.
  • Barsi F; Zooprophylactic Institute of Lombardy and Emilia Romagna, Ferrara Territorial Office, Via Modena 483, 44124, Ferrara, Italy.
  • Sampieri M; Zooprophylactic Institute of Lombardy and Emilia Romagna, Bologna Territorial Office, Via P. Fiorini 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy.
  • Locatelli CA; Poison Control Center of Pavia-National Center for Toxicological Information-Clinical and Experimental Toxicology Laboratories, Clinical Scientific Institutes Maugeri SpA SB, IRCCS Pavia, Via Salvatore Maugeri 10, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
  • Baldini E; Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy. bldrke@unife.it.
  • Manfredini S; Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
  • Vertuani S; Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
Acta Vet Scand ; 66(1): 18, 2024 Apr 15.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38622748
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC), that can be found in a wide variety of household products-from disinfectants to medicaments and home fragrances-but also professional products. In pets, cats have long been reported as more sensitive than dogs to QACs; in fact, signs of irritation such as oral ulcerations, stomatitis and pharyngitis can be observed after contact with concentrations of 2% or lower. In a review of 245 cases of BAC exposure in cats, reported by the Veterinary Poisons Information Service (United Kingdom) only 1.2% of the cases died or were euthanized. Nevertheless, BAC toxidromes in cats can result in transitory CNS and respiratory distress, as well as severe mucosal and cutaneous lesions. Currently, only a few reports are available concerning BAC poisoning in this species. CASE PRESENTATION A 4 month-old kitten presented with severe glossitis, lameness in the hindlimbs and episodes of vomiting and diarrhoea. The cause was unknown until the owners reported use of a BAC-containing mould remover (5%) 4 days later. The patient developed severe oral burns requiring a pharyngeal tube for feeding and severe cutaneous chemical burns. The kitten was managed with supportive therapy and required hospitalization for 10 days. The symptoms disappeared completely 3 weeks after exposure.

CONCLUSIONS:

BAC is a very common compound contained in several household and professional products but, to the best of our knowledge, no previous case had been reported in Italy. We hope that this report will help raise awareness on the hazards of BAC products for cats in both domestic and work contexts.
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Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Compostos de Benzalcônio / Desinfetantes Limite: Animals País como assunto: Europa Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2024 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Compostos de Benzalcônio / Desinfetantes Limite: Animals País como assunto: Europa Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2024 Tipo de documento: Article