Comparative analysis of post-operative rehabilitation approaches for medial patellar luxation in small-breed dogs.

ABSTRACT

Background and Aim: Electrical stimulation (ES) and light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (LASER) therapy are frequently used in post-operative rehabilitation; however, there is currently insufficient research comparing their effectiveness. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of post-operative rehabilitation following medial patellar luxation (MPL) surgical correction by comparing ES and LASER therapy when combined with exercise. This was compared with a control group that consisted solely of post-operative home exercise implemented by the owner. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective clinical trial on dogs that had undergone surgical treatment for MPL. The dogs were categorized into the following three groups The control group, which did not participate in any post-operative rehabilitation program; the ES group, which received post-operative rehabilitation involving ES therapy; and the LASER group, which underwent post-operative rehabilitation featuring LASER therapy. Results: There were no significant differences among the groups regarding the evaluation parameters, including lameness score, pain score, thigh muscle circumference, and range of motion. Although there may have been a difference in pain score in some groups, it could be attributed to the pre-operative condition of patients. These results aligned with the owner questionnaires' canine brief pain inventory assessments, showing no significant differences between treatment groups. Conclusion: Post-operative rehabilitation for MPL correction may enhance limb usage, joint function, muscle mass, and pain relief. However, the duration and level of post-operative pain may influence the necessity for rehabilitation. In addition, ES and LASER therapy offer similar pain-relieving effects after MPL surgery; therefore, the choice between these methods depends on the availability of equipment and veterinarian preferences.