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Toolbox of individual-level interventions against online misinformation.
Kozyreva, Anastasia; Lorenz-Spreen, Philipp; Herzog, Stefan M; Ecker, Ullrich K H; Lewandowsky, Stephan; Hertwig, Ralph; Ali, Ayesha; Bak-Coleman, Joe; Barzilai, Sarit; Basol, Melisa; Berinsky, Adam J; Betsch, Cornelia; Cook, John; Fazio, Lisa K; Geers, Michael; Guess, Andrew M; Huang, Haifeng; Larreguy, Horacio; Maertens, Rakoen; Panizza, Folco; Pennycook, Gordon; Rand, David G; Rathje, Steve; Reifler, Jason; Schmid, Philipp; Smith, Mark; Swire-Thompson, Briony; Szewach, Paula; van der Linden, Sander; Wineburg, Sam.
Afiliação
  • Kozyreva A; Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany. kozyreva@mpib-berlin.mpg.de.
  • Lorenz-Spreen P; Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
  • Herzog SM; Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
  • Ecker UKH; School of Psychological Science & Public Policy Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
  • Lewandowsky S; School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
  • Hertwig R; Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
  • Ali A; Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
  • Bak-Coleman J; Department of Economics, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
  • Barzilai S; Craig Newmark Center, School of Journalism, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
  • Basol M; Department of Learning and Instructional Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
  • Berinsky AJ; Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
  • Betsch C; Department of Political Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
  • Cook J; Institute for Planetary Health Behaviour, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany.
  • Fazio LK; Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
  • Geers M; Melbourne Centre for Behaviour Change, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
  • Guess AM; Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
  • Huang H; Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
  • Larreguy H; Department of Psychology, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
  • Maertens R; Department of Politics and School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
  • Panizza F; Department of Political Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
  • Pennycook G; Departments of Economics and Political Science, Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
  • Rand DG; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Rathje S; IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Lucca, Italy.
  • Reifler J; Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
  • Schmid P; Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.
  • Smith M; Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
  • Swire-Thompson B; Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
  • Szewach P; Department of Politics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
  • van der Linden S; Institute for Planetary Health Behaviour, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany.
  • Wineburg S; Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
Nat Hum Behav ; 8(6): 1044-1052, 2024 Jun.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38740990
ABSTRACT
The spread of misinformation through media and social networks threatens many aspects of society, including public health and the state of democracies. One approach to mitigating the effect of misinformation focuses on individual-level interventions, equipping policymakers and the public with essential tools to curb the spread and influence of falsehoods. Here we introduce a toolbox of individual-level interventions for reducing harm from online misinformation. Comprising an up-to-date account of interventions featured in 81 scientific papers from across the globe, the toolbox provides both a conceptual overview of nine main types of interventions, including their target, scope and examples, and a summary of the empirical evidence supporting the interventions, including the methods and experimental paradigms used to test them. The nine types of interventions covered are accuracy prompts, debunking and rebuttals, friction, inoculation, lateral reading and verification strategies, media-literacy tips, social norms, source-credibility labels, and warning and fact-checking labels.
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Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Comunicação Limite: Humans Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2024 Tipo de documento: Article
Texto completo
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PubMed Links
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Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Comunicação Limite: Humans Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2024 Tipo de documento: Article